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Genetic and clinical markers for predicting treatment responsiveness in rheumatoid arthritis

Xin Wu, Xiaobao Sheng, Rong Sheng, Hongjuan Lu, Huji Xu

《医学前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第4期   页码 411-419 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0659-3

摘要： Although many drugs and therapeutic strategies have been developed for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment, numerous patients with RA fail to respond to currently available agents. In this review, we provide an overview of the complexity of this autoimmune disease by showing the rapidly increasing number of genes associated with RA. We then systematically review various factors that have a predictive value (predictors) for the response to different drugs in RA treatment, especially recent advances. These predictors include but are certainly not limited to genetic variations, clinical factors, and demographic factors. However, no clinical application is currently available. This review also describes the challenges in treating patients with RA and the need for personalized medicine. At the end of this review, we discuss possible strategies to enhance the prediction of drug responsiveness in patients with RA.

关键词： rheumatoid arthritis     gene     clinical markers     therapy    

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Exploring the diagnosis markers for gallbladder cancer based on clinical data

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第3期   页码 350-355 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0402-2

摘要：

Presently, no effective markers are available to facilitate gallbladder cancer (GBC) diagnosis. This study aims to explore available markers for GBC diagnosis. Clinical data of 144 GBC and 116 cholelithiasis patients were retrospectively reviewed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate GBC risk factors. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the diagnosis value of the risk factors. By comparing the characteristic of GBC and cholelithiasis patients, the following factors exhibited statistical difference: age, gender, gallstones, total bilirubin (TB), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), platelet count (PLT), CA125 (carcinoembryonic antigen 125), and CA199 (carbohydrate antigen 199). Logistic regression analysis indicated that age [odds ratio (OR), 1.032; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.004 to 1.061; P = 0.024], gender (OR, 0.346; 95% CI, 0.167 to 0.716; P = 0.004), gallstones (OR, 0.027; 95% CI, 0.007 to 0.095; P<0.001), ALP (OR, 1.003; 95% CI, 1.000 to 1.006; P = 0.032), TB (OR, 1.004; 95% CI, 1.000 to 1.009; P = 0.042), and CA125 (OR, 1.007; 95% CI, 1.002 to 1.013; P = 0.011) were independent risk factors for GBC. According to the ROC curve, CA125 [area under curve (AUC), 0.720], ALP (AUC, 0.713), TB (AUC, 0.636), and age (AUC, 0.573) were valuable diagnosis markers. Additionally, based on the independent risk factors, the GBC diagnosis model was established. Age, TB, ALP, and CA125 can be used as auxiliary diagnosis factors of GBC. The diagnosis model provides a quantitative tool for GBC diagnosis when comprehensively considering various risk factors.

关键词： marker     gallbladder cancer     diagnosis    

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Molecular alterations and clinical relevance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 401-410 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0286-y

摘要：

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common types of gastrointestinal cancers, and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in China. Early detection and intervention in time may dramatically increase the survival of the patients by initiating treatment regimens during earlier stages of ESCC or even during precancerous stages. Molecular classification will be useful for subtyping esophageal tumors or precancerous lesions to improve current therapeutics or early intervention of the disease. In this review, we summarize the findings in investigating the molecular alterations and clinical relevance of ESCC.

关键词： esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC)     early detection     molecular classification     molecular markers    

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Clinical study on the related markers of blood coagulation in the patients with ANFH after SARS

WU Lianhua, GAO Chunjin, WANG Guozhong, YANG Lin, HOU Xiaomin, GE Huan, XIA Chengqing, QI Man

《医学前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第4期   页码 410-412 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0080-9

摘要： The aim of this research was to investigate the blood coagulation function in the patients with avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) after severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The expression of CD31, CD61, CD62p, CD63 and PAC-1 on platelet membrane was measured respectively by flowcytometry, and the plasma prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT) and fibrinogen (Fbg) were measured by blood clotting instrument in 26 patients with ANFH after SARS and in 17 healthy adults. The expression of CD31, CD61, CD 62p, CD63 and PAC-1 on platelet membrane in 26 patients was all lower than that in 17 healthy subjects (<0.01). The levels of PT, APTT, TT and Fbg in 26 patients were all normal. There is no significant difference (>0.05) in those markers between patients and 17 healthy adults. The blood may not be in hypercoagulable state in patients with ANFH after SARS.

关键词： significant difference     partial thromboplastin     coagulation function     femoral     healthy    

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Expression of PC-cell-derived growth factor in breast cancer

Haiping SONG MD, Lan SHI MD, Chunping LIU MD, Tao HUANG MD,

《医学前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第4期   页码 426-430 doi: 10.1007/s11684-009-0085-7

摘要： This study is mainly aimed at evaluating the expression of PC-cell-derived growth factor (PCDGF) in breast cancer and breast adenofibroma, and to compare with other commonly used clinical pathological indices, then to investigate the diagnostic and targeted therapeutic purpose of PCDGF in breast cancer tissue. In this study, we detected the expression of PCDGF, p53 and CerbB-2 in breast cancer tissue and the expression of PCDGF in breast adenofibroma tissue by immunohistochemical method, and analyzed the relationship between them. We found that PCDGF was expressed in most breast cancer tissue, but was not in breast adenofibroma tissue, and the expression of PCDGF was related with the tumor’s pathological category and the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) and p53, but there was no statistical dependability between PCDGF and cerbB-2. From this study, we predict that PCDGF may serve as a marker in the secondary diagnosis of breast cancer, and may participate in the generation and differentiation of breast cancer cells, and become an effective target of therapy for breast cancer.

关键词： PC-cell-derived growth factor     breast neoplasms     clinical markers    

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Prevalence of antifolate drug resistance markers in in China

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 83-92 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0894-x

摘要： The dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) and dihydropteroate synthetase (dhps) genes of Plasmodium vivax and antifolate resistance-associated genes were used for drug resistance surveillance. A total of 375 P. vivax isolates collected from different geographical locations in China in 2009–2019 were used to sequence Pvdhfr and Pvdhps. The majority of the isolates harbored a mutant type allele for Pvdhfr (94.5%) and Pvdhps (68.2%). The most predominant point mutations were S117T/N (77.7%) in Pvdhfr and A383G (66.8%) in Pvdhps. Amino acid changes were identified at nine residues in Pvdhfr. A quadruple-mutant haplotype at 57, 58, 61, and 117 was the most frequent (57.4%) among 16 distinct Pvdhfr haplotypes. Mutations in Pvdhps were detected at six codons, and the double-mutant A383G/A553G was the most prevalent (39.3%). Pvdhfr exhibited a higher mutation prevalence and greater diversity than Pvdhps in China. Most isolates from Yunnan carried multiple mutant haplotypes, while the majority of samples from temperate regions and Hainan Island harbored the wild type or single mutant type. This study indicated that the antifolate resistance levels of P. vivax parasites were different across China and molecular markers could be used to rapidly monitor drug resistance. Results provided evidence for updating national drug policy and treatment guidelines.

关键词： drug resistance     antifolates     molecular markers     Plasmodium vivax     China    

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The value of epigenetic markers in esophageal cancer

Xiao-Mei ZHANG, Ming-Zhou GUO,

《医学前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第4期   页码 378-384 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0230-3

摘要： Developing esophageal cancer is a multi-step process that begins with the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations, and leads to the activation of oncogenes and the inactivation or loss of tumor suppressor genes (TSG). In addition to genetic alteration, epigenetic modifications, and in particular DNA methylation, are recognized as a common molecular alteration in human tumors. In esophageal cancer, aberrant methylation of promoter regions occurs not only in advanced cancer, but also in premalignant lesions. DNA methylation is related to survival time and sensitivity of chemoradiotherapy. This review is mainly focused on epigenetic changes in esophageal cancer and the value of early detection for patient prognosis, treatment choices, and potential targeting therapy.

关键词： epigenetics     DNA methylation     esophageal cancer     dysplasia    

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Effect of renal function and hemodialysis on the serum tumor markers in patients with chronic kidney

YU Xiaofang, XU Xialian, YE Zhibin

《医学前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第3期   页码 308-311 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0059-6

摘要： In patients with chronic renal failure, whether they have had hemodialysis or not, the specificity of some of the serum tumor markers for the diagnosis of the corresponding tumors is decreased while others remain as valuable as they are in patients with normal kidney function. The detection of tumor markers is extensively used for the diagnosis of corresponding tumors. It has been recently shown that some tumor markers are higher in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) than in the normal population. The effects of renal function and hemodialysis were examined on serum levels of some of the tumor markers including CEA, CA, CA, AFP, CA, CA, CYFRA, NSE, SCC-Ag, PSA, and fPSA. The 232 non-dialysis patients with CKD and 37 chronic uremic patients treated with maintenance hemodialysis were enrolled in this study. The 232 non-dialysis patients were divided into three groups according to their Ccr. In group 1, Ccr was ≤25 mL/min. In group 2, Ccr was between 25 and 50 mL/min. In group 3, Ccr was ≥50 mL/min. The male patients were also divided into three groups to compare the serum levels of PSA and fPSA among the three groups. Nine tumor markers in 37 uremic patients were tested. For comparison, 37 non-dialysis patients with similar Ccr of the same age and gender served as controls. There existed significant differences in serum levels of CEA, CA, CYFRA, NSE, and SCC-Ag among different Ccr groups and the markers bore a negative correlation with Ccr. There were no significant differences among the three groups in the serum concentrations of CA, AFP, CA, CA, PSA and fPSA. The serum levels of CA and NSE were significantly higher (199, CYFRA, NSE, CA and SCC-Ag for the diagnosis of the corresponding tumors was decreased while serum AFP, CA, CA, PSA and fPSA were as valuable as they were in patients with normal kidney function. Hemodialysis further increased the serum level of CA and NSE.

关键词： CKD     non-dialysis     valuable     detection     chronic    

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Molecular markers and pathogenically targeted therapy in non-small cell lung cancer

Bo PENG BA , Jinnong ZHANG MD , Jamile S. WOODS MD , Wei PENG MD, PhD

《医学前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第3期   页码 245-255 doi: 10.1007/s11684-009-0044-3

摘要： Lung cancer is one of the most common human cancers and the number one cancer killer in the United States. In general, lung cancer includes small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but NSCLC accounts for approximately 90% of lung cancer. The early diagnosis and therapy of lung cancer still presents a big challenge because validated screening tools, which can improve current early detection to reduce mortality from lung cancer, do not exist. Over the last decade, molecular genetic abnormalities have been described in NSCLC, including chromosomal aberrations, overexpression of oncogenes, and deletion and/or mutations in tumor suppressor genes. These molecular markers in NSCLC demonstrated close associations with the development of lung cancer such as Ras, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR, or c-erbB-1), HER2 (c-erbB-2), c-Met, and Bcl-2. Therefore, this information may be applied for early cancer detection, classification, novel targeted therapy, and prognosis in NSCLC. Recent clinical data have revealed that targeted therapy might be the second-line therapy as an alternative approach. Currently, the targeted therapies are mainly focused on two lung cancer pathways, the EGFR and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathways. Some clinical trials are very encouraging, but some of them are not. However, these trials have not identified a subgroup of NSCLC with biomarkers. Therefore, it is very important to select NSCLC patients with biomarkers to match targeted agents so that we can further identify effectiveness of targeted therapy in the future.

关键词： lung cancer     carcinoma     non-small cell lung cancer     molecular markers     targeted therapy    

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Identification of molecular markers linked to rice bacterial blight resistance genes from

Jing WANG,Chen CHENG,Yanru ZHOU,Yong YANG,Qiong MEI,Junmin LI,Ye CHENG,Chengqi YAN,Jianping CHEN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第2卷 第3期   页码 260-265 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015070

摘要： Y73 is a progeny of asymmetric somatic hybridization between cv. Dalixiang and the wild rice species . Inoculation with a range of strains of pv. showed that Y73 had inherited a high level of resistance to rice bacterial blight (BB) from its wild parent. An F population of 7125 individuals was constructed from the cross between Y73 and a BB-susceptible cultivar IR24. After testing 615 SSR and STS markers covering the 12 rice chromosomes, 186 markers were selected that showed polymorphism between Y73 and IR24. Molecular markers linked to the BB resistance genes in Y73 were scanned using the F population and the polymorphic markers. The SSR marker RM128 on chromosome 1, the STS marker R03D159 on chromosome 3 and the STS marker R05D104 on chromosome 5 were found to be linked to the rice BB resistance genes in Y73.

关键词： Oryza meyeriana     bacterial blight resistance gene     genetic population     linkage molecular marker    

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Ontological reconstruction of the clinical terminology of traditional Chinese medicine

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第3期   页码 358-361 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0348-9

摘要：

This study proposes the ontological reconstruction of the current clinical terminology of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It also provides an overview of preliminary work related to the said reconstruction, including the ontology-based analysis of TCM clinical terminology. We conclude that the ontological reconstruction of TCM clinical terminology provides a proper translation from the idealized organizational model to real-world implementation and to a formalized, shared, and knowledge-based framework.

关键词： ontology     traditional Chinese medicine     clinical terminology    

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The clinical impact of tricuspid regurgitation in patients with a biatrial orthotopic heart transplant

《医学前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第3期   页码 527-533 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0967-5

摘要： In this study, we aim to elucidate the clinical impact and long-term course of tricuspid regurgitation (TR), taking into account its dynamic nature, after biatrial orthotopic heart transplant (OHT). All consecutive adult patients undergoing biatrial OHT (1984−2017) with an available follow-up echocardiogram were included. Mixed-models were used to model the evolution of TR. The mixed-model was inserted into a Cox model in order to address the association of the dynamic TR with mortality. In total, 572 patients were included (median age: 50 years, males: 74.9%). Approximately 32% of patients had moderate-to-severe TR immediately after surgery. However, this declined to 11% on 5 years and 9% on 10 years after surgery, adjusted for survival bias. Pre-implant mechanical support was associated with less TR during follow-up, whereas concurrent LV dysfunction was significantly associated with more TR during follow-up. Survival at 1, 5, 10, 20 years was 97% ± 1%, 88% ± 1%, 66% ± 2% and 23% ± 2%, respectively. The presence of moderate-to-severe TR during follow-up was associated with higher mortality (HR: 1.07, 95% CI (1.02–1.12), p = 0.006). The course of TR was positively correlated with the course of creatinine (R = 0.45). TR during follow-up is significantly associated with higher mortality and worse renal function. Nevertheless, probability of TR is the highest immediately after OHT and decreases thereafter. Therefore, it may be reasonable to refrain from surgical intervention for TR during earlier phase after OHT.

关键词： orthotopic heart transplant     tricuspid regurgitation     clinical impact     biatrial heart transplantation    

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Obesity-related glomerulopathy: pathogenesis, pathologic, clinical characteristics and treatment

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期   页码 340-348 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0570-3

摘要：

In light of the rapid increase in the number of obesity incidences worldwide, obesity has become an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease. Obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG) is characterized by glomerulomegaly in the presence or absence of focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis lesions. IgM and complement 3 (C3) nonspecifically deposit in lesions without immune-complex-type deposits during ORG immunofluorescence. ORG-associated glomerulomegaly and focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis can superimpose on other renal pathologies. The mechanisms under ORG are complex, especially hemodynamic changes, inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and reduced functioning nephrons. These mechanisms synergize with obesity to induce end-stage renal disease. A slow increase of subnephrotic proteinuria (<3.5 g/d) is the most common clinical manifestation of ORG. Several treatment methods for ORG have been developed. Of these methods, renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system blockade and weight loss are proven effective. Targeting mitochondria may offer a novel strategy for ORG therapy. Nevertheless, more research is needed to further understand ORG.

关键词： obesity-related glomerulopathy     pathogenesis     pathologic     clinical characteristics    

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a clinical update

Min Zhou, Xinxin Zhang, Jieming Qu

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 126-135 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0767-8

摘要： Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has posed a significant threat to global health. It caused a total of 80 868 confirmed cases and 3101 deaths in Chinese mainland until March 8, 2020. This novel virus spread mainly through respiratory droplets and close contact. As disease progressed, a series of complications tend to develop, especially in critically ill patients. Pathological findings showed representative features of acute respiratory distress syndrome and involvement of multiple organs. Apart from supportive care, no specific treatment has been established for COVID-19. The efficacy of some promising antivirals, convalescent plasma transfusion, and tocilizumab needs to be investigated by ongoing clinical trials.

关键词： coronavirus disease 2019     epidemiology     pathology     radiology     clinical characteristics     treatment    

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Hypertension in patients with CKD in China: clinical characteristics and management

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期   页码 307-309 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0578-8

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Genetic and clinical markers for predicting treatment responsiveness in rheumatoid arthritis

Xin Wu, Xiaobao Sheng, Rong Sheng, Hongjuan Lu, Huji Xu

期刊论文

Exploring the diagnosis markers for gallbladder cancer based on clinical data

null

期刊论文

Molecular alterations and clinical relevance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

null

期刊论文

Clinical study on the related markers of blood coagulation in the patients with ANFH after SARS

WU Lianhua, GAO Chunjin, WANG Guozhong, YANG Lin, HOU Xiaomin, GE Huan, XIA Chengqing, QI Man

期刊论文

Expression of PC-cell-derived growth factor in breast cancer

Haiping SONG MD, Lan SHI MD, Chunping LIU MD, Tao HUANG MD,

期刊论文

Prevalence of antifolate drug resistance markers in in China

期刊论文

The value of epigenetic markers in esophageal cancer

Xiao-Mei ZHANG, Ming-Zhou GUO,

期刊论文

Effect of renal function and hemodialysis on the serum tumor markers in patients with chronic kidney

YU Xiaofang, XU Xialian, YE Zhibin

期刊论文

Molecular markers and pathogenically targeted therapy in non-small cell lung cancer

Bo PENG BA , Jinnong ZHANG MD , Jamile S. WOODS MD , Wei PENG MD, PhD

期刊论文

Identification of molecular markers linked to rice bacterial blight resistance genes from

Jing WANG,Chen CHENG,Yanru ZHOU,Yong YANG,Qiong MEI,Junmin LI,Ye CHENG,Chengqi YAN,Jianping CHEN

期刊论文

Ontological reconstruction of the clinical terminology of traditional Chinese medicine

null

期刊论文

The clinical impact of tricuspid regurgitation in patients with a biatrial orthotopic heart transplant

期刊论文

Obesity-related glomerulopathy: pathogenesis, pathologic, clinical characteristics and treatment

null

期刊论文

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a clinical update

Min Zhou, Xinxin Zhang, Jieming Qu

期刊论文

Hypertension in patients with CKD in China: clinical characteristics and management

null

期刊论文